युवा आवेग

India is the world's third-largest dam builder, with more than 6,300 big dams. These buildings are essential for flood control, hydropower, irrigation, and water supply. But as of 2025, the country is confronted with a variety of dam management issues, including safety issues, geopolitical conflicts, and hazards associated with climate change.

115.1) National Dam Safety and Rehabilitation Efforts

India has taken important steps in recognition of the vital need of dam safety, including:

1) The goal of the world's largest dam repair initiative, the Dam repair and Improvement Project (DRIP), is to improve the performance and safety of already-existing dams.

2) The 2021 Dam Safety Act: This act, which was passed in order to create a comprehensive framework for dam safety, gave rise to the National Dam Safety Authority (NDSA), which is in charge of monitoring dam safety policies and procedures nationwide. 

115.2) Regional Developments and Challenges

115.3) Geopolitical Implications: Indus Water Treaty Suspension

115.4) Conclusion 

On the midnight of 9^th and 10^th May 2025, the Pakistan Airforce started sending the explosive Songar drones of Turkey. ( It was the retaliation by Pakistan to the drones which were sent by the Indian air force during the day. The Indian drones have destroyed many places in Pakistan, including the stadium of Rawalpindi, due to which the game of the Pakistan Super League has been suspended. The Turkish drones are very dangerous during the proxy war as well as fighting with any nation, but the 3 to 4 level security of the Indian air force retaliated against all of them very successfully at a rate of 99 to 100.  This was the first time the world had seen the defense power of Bharat. When all the drones were wrecked, the Indian Air Force, with its fighter jets like Sukhoi MK and Rafale, using the supersonic cruise missile, destroyed about 10 bases of the Pakistan army and Air force. This was very huge blow to Pakistan because its Noor Khan base and Rawalpindi base are very important bases for their defense. The base near Kirana hills containing Nukes was also disturbed, due to which leakage has started. It was also reported that Pakistan has used its intercontinental ballistic missile Fateh 2  with Delhi as a target. But it was intercepted successfully near the Amritsar base of Bharat.

This work was being done in front of the world, but behind the scenes, a new script was already being written for the future of this war. At 2 pm on 11 May, the Indian government announced that any attack on the citizens of India by Pakistan would be considered as an act of war.

 On May 11, the new CHAUDHARY of the World, Donald Trump, at 3:20 pm, announced that he had successfully brokered a ceasefire between the two nuclear-capable nations. He said that ministers of both nations have demanded that he do so. At 5 pm, the Foreign Secretary of Bharat announced that a ceasefire has been declared between the two nations. Later the Director General of Military Operations of Air force , Navy and Indian army gave briefing about the war that how Indian armed forces were successful in their mission . They gave the proof of all the retaliation done by Indian force. They gave description about mainly the attack of 9^th may on 11^th of may but on the 12^th may They gave overall briefing of all the days . One special thing about the briefing of 11^th may was that it was started with SHIVA TANDAVA STROTAM . Air marshal A K Bharti was leading the whole mission of the air force . So he was also the main spokesperson during the press briefing. A reporter asked him about the casualties of the ammunition of Pakistani forces . He with a slight smile answered that our work is to get them down and their work is to count the casualties.  Rear Admiral of navy AN Pramod, told that navy was in full mood to attack on ports of Pakistan but ceasefire stopped them.  But he said that navy was an important part of this mission also.  

The briefing of 12^th may was started with YACHNA NAHI AB RANN HOGA BY Shri Ramdhari Singh Dinkar ji .

On 12^th May the press briefings of DGMOs were done in the New Delhi.  This briefing was started by Lieutenant General Shri Rajiv Ghai . He told that The jawans of the Border security force were very actively retaliated the opposition forces . He gave a popular statement used by the Australian Cricket team during 1970s and 1980s . He gave a statement regarding the strong defense system of the Indian Armed Forces . He said that if  anyone doubts on our forces one thing about the operation I want to say that it was a 3 to 4 layer security that no weapon of enemy can remain safe . He also said that Ashes to ashes, dust to dust, if Thommo don’t get ya, Lillie must.”. He want to explain that if you would cross one security level then another is waiting for you. When reporters asked about the strategy for next war then Shri Bharti said that our bases are working very smoothly and we are always ready for the war . On the aggressive nature of the songs played . Bharti ji gave answer by using a DOHA of Shri ramcharitmanas  . He said that …

बिनय न मानत जलधि जड़ गए तीनि दिन बीति।

बोले राम सकोप तब भय बिनु होइ न प्रीति॥

He said that without aggression nothing can be achieved.

On 12^th May , at 8 PM , Shri Narendra Modi the honorable prime minister has released a video about praising the Indian army and support of all the Indians . He said that the way of peace goes from the way of strength and aggression.  Without these two things the peace is not possible . He also warned to Pakistan that “ talk and terror cannot go together , terror and trade cannot go together , water and blood cannot flow together .The talk to Pakistan will only be done on the topic of POK only .

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Shashwat

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What is the news? Recently,  on 8^th April 2025 , honourable Supreme court of India gave a landmark decision about the withholding of the bills passed by the state legislature . The court also mentioned some time limits regarding the holding of bill.

The matter and the role of nominated representative : Generally it is seen that when the Governors and the state governments belong to same political party  then the administration as well as the functioning of the government runs in a proper and smooth manner . But when both of them are from different political parties there is always a clash of thoughts . Similar matter was seen between the Governor of Tamil Nadu and its state government headed by MK Stalin . The Stalin government has passed about 10 bills and sent to the Governor Shri T N RAVI . But the Governor had held the bill till December 2023. When the Stalin government moved to the Supreme court on 18^th December 2023, on the same day The Governor sent all the bills to the President.  Out of 10 bills, 7 bills were cancelled by  her and 1 bill was given permission, and two bills were not considered by The President.

This matter was very deeply discussed for more than 2 years in front of various benches of the Supreme Court. On 8^th April 2025 , the two-judge bench of the Supreme Court, represented by Justice J B Pardiwala and R Mahadevan, gave a landmark decision. I will discuss the designs by the Supreme court, but before the decisions, let’s know about some articles and role of the Governor according to various intellectuals. 

Article 163 discusses about the power of the governor

Article 200 says that “ When a bill has been passed by state  assembly or in case of legislative council has been passed by both the houses , it shall be presented to the Governor and the Governor shall declare either that he assents to  the bill  or that he withholds  the assent therefrom or that he reserves the bill for the consideration of the President .

Some thoughts about the role of governors …….

As discussed earlier , the governor always acts as a bone of contention for the government which belongs to the opposite political thoughts . Our intellectuals have given very important thoughts regarding the governor which is mentioned below ……

1.        Shri Jawahar Lal Nehru ji  favoured the appointment of eminent academicians from outside politics and Other outstanding and impartial people from other walks of life as governors .

2.        B N RAU ( constitutional advisor to the constituent assembly )  favoured that Governor to be elected by provincial legislature by secret vote.

3.        Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel  said that the Governor should be elected by the people of the state for a term of four years and could be impeached for misbehaviour.

4.        J P Narayan  suggested that Governor to be made by the President from a panel of four persons selected by assembly and member of parliaments of the concerned state.

5.        Ambedkar  said that Governor is just a figure head . We should not spend time and money for his election . Governor would not represent ruling party at the centre but people of state .

6.        T T Krishnamachari suggested that Chief minister must have veto power above the Governor.

7.        Supreme court in the Raghukul tilak case of 1979  said that Governors are not the employee of centre but hold high constitutional office .

8.        Miguel de Cervantes suggested that The Good Governors must have broken leg and keep at home .

9.        Many other intellectuals also suggested that Governor having a faint presence like a full moon on midday . Governor must be present for consulting the government , warning the government and also to encourage the state.

Elected representative must have more powers than the nominated one .

As per 7^th schedule of the Constitution,  states should be free to legislate on 66 subjects under state list .

In the famous case of State of Punjab vs principal secretary to the Governor of Punjab 2013 , Supreme court suggested that Real power vests with elected representatives of people in a parliamentary form of Government.  The Governor as an appointee is a titular ahead of the state .

About discretion

Discretion has the meaning of acting on one’s own authority and judgment. In law, discretion as to legal rulings, such as whether evidence is excluded at a trial, may be exercised by a judge.

Some thoughts regarding the discretion……

10.                    According to  Edward coke …. Discretion is a science – discerning between falsity  and truth , between right and wrong , is not According to the will and private affection . Absolute Discretion is however is a blassphemy.

11.                    According to Justice William  Doughlas of Supreme court of United states ( United states vs Wunderlich – 1951) …….. where discretion is absolute , man has always suffered.  Absolute discretion is ruthless master (which is) more destructive of freedom than any of man’s other inventions .

12.                    Discretion means choosing from amongst various available alternatives with reference to the rules of reason and justice not personal whims.

13.                    Discretion is to exercised with caution and in a reasonable manner.

14.                    Discretion cannot be dictated . It is to be exercised after a proper application of mind to the facts and circumstances of the case at hand .

15.                    Discretion cannot be exercised for improper purpose or with a bad faith or by taking into account irrelevant consideration.

16.                    Discretion cannot be exercised in an arbitrary or whimsical manner.

Why are we discussing more about discretion…..

Article 142 empowers the Supreme Court to pass any order or decree necessary for complete justice in any pending case before it. This power is discretionary and unique to the apex court.

Using this such an important article , Supreme court gave the landmark decision which is discussed below ……

17.                    Honourable Supreme court  gave a statement and said that prolonged action over 10 important bills by Tamil Nadu governor is UNCONSTITUTIONAL.

18.                    The decision about the bills by the President was declared as void by the Apex court .

19.                    Justice Pardiwala also said that a governor must be a friend , guide and a philosopher to a State not as a hindrance.  The Governor is envisaged aa a sagacious counsellor . The court also said that the Governor must look within themselves and reflect whether their actions were in line with the Constitutional ethos and aspirations of the people . Delaying assent indefinitely on bills passed by state legislature reduced the effectiveness of these laws.

20.                    The Governor’s conduct was erroneous , arbitrary , non- est(non existant) in law.

21.                    The Governor acted as a roadblock by delaying actions on the bills sent him for consent by assembly under article 200 of the Constitution.

22.                    The Governor has no right to use pocket veto and delaying the bill.

The Supreme court has given a time limit but in our Constitution no such a time limit is mentioned . The Supreme court in very harsh  language  said that….

1.                  A Governor has maximum of one month to withhold the assent on the aid and advice of the State Cabinet.

2.                  If he withholds assent contrary to the cabinets advice , he has maximum of three months to return the bill with specifying the reasons .

3.                  The governor has three months to reserve a bill for President’s consideration against advice of the state cabinet .

4.                  Governor must grant assent to a bill repassed by the cabinet within a month under article 200.

5.                  A Governor cannot exercise his personal discretion if a house passed the same bill again and returned it to him for consent.

6.                  Any failure by the Governor to comply with the timeliness would invite for a JUDICIAL REVIEW.

The Stalin government has welcomed the decision while the NDA government is going towards Supreme court  to review it’s decision….

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Shashwat

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On 22nd March 2025, the world celebrated World water day. On this important day, the Indian government launched a campaign named Jal Shakti Abhiyaan – Catch the rain 2025. It was started under the Ministry of Jal Shakti. This project emphasises the importance of communities in the conservation of water.

The policy makers of Bharat must focus on several points for the conservation of water.

·    While making the policies on water, the policymakers must focus on the needs on every sector, such as industry, agriculture,  It , textiles, etc. Before making the policy, government officials must have to visit on the ground to know the real condition at the ground level.

·    The policymakers must have to focus on the vulnerable groups of India who are very sensitive towards water .

·    The policymakers must have to ensure about lesser leakage of water by various sewage systems. These waters split in very huge amount which disturbs the human beings as well as it becomes useless. The proper management of this water can reduce the dependency on the ground water.

·    Lesser fertilizer, insecticide, pesticides, etc. must be used in the agricultural field. After the proper irrigation these waters contaminated the groundwater by ensuring the reach of harmful chemicals there.

·    The policy should be made after considering the proper management of natural resources like trees, water, mountains etc.

·    The river joining project should be run very fast. This project will disturb the flora and fauna of various forests and  natural things but it will definitely create a better future by ensuring a negligible flood in flood prone area .

·    More and more plantations must be done to ensure the better raining.  The more raining will happen , the temperature of the earth will be under control . Otherwise the countries will see a huge rise in temperature within few decades, which will be life-threatening to us.

·    When the policymakers made policy, they must focus on the livelihood of the tribal groups whose life totally depend upon the JAL JUNGLE AUR JAMEEN.

Their suggestions will be more important to ensure the water conservation.

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    India's former Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh passed away at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences in Delhi on December 26, 2024. He was the 14th Prime Minister of India and the first Sikh to hold the position. He is widely regarded as the architect of modern India's economic revival. His pivotal role in ushering in economic reforms in the early 1990s transformed India from a closed economy on the brink of collapse to a vibrant and globally integrated market. Born on September 26, 1932, in Gah, Punjab (now in Pakistan), Singh's journey from a humble village to one of the most respected leaders in the world is a story of academic brilliance, visionary leadership, and unwavering commitment to public service.

Early life and Academic Journey:

      Manmohan Singh's early life was marked by academic excellence. After completing his undergraduate studies at Panjab University, he pursued a Bachelor of Arts in Economics from the University of Cambridge. He further enhanced his academic credentials by earning a Doctor of Philosophy in Economics from the University of Oxford. His exposure to the global economic environment and rigorous academic training equipped him with the knowledge and insights that would later prove invaluable in shaping India's economic policies.

Economic Crises of 1991:

      By the late 1980s, India was facing a severe economic crisis characterized by high fiscal deficits, low growth rates, a ballooning balance of payments deficit, and depleting foreign exchange reserves. The situation was so dire that India had to mortgage its gold reserves to secure an emergency loan from the International Monetary Fund (IMF). It was against this backdrop that Manmohan Singh was appointed as the Finance Minister in Prime Minister P.V. Narasimha Rao's government in June 1991.

The 1991 Economic Reforms:

    As Finance Minister, Manmohan Singh implemented a series of radical economic reforms that marked a departure from the protectionist policies that had governed India for decades. These reforms were aimed at liberalizing the economy, promoting private enterprise, and integrating India into the global market. Key reforms introduced by Singh included:

1.     Liberalization of Trade and Investment:

●       Reduction in import tariffs and the removal of import licensing.

●       Devaluation of the Indian Rupee to make exports competitive.

●       Encouragement of foreign direct investment (FDI) by easing restrictions and offering incentives.

2.     Industrial Policy Reforms:

●       Abolition of industrial licensing for most sectors, thus ending the "License Raj.

●       Reduction in government intervention in business operations.

●       Promotion of privatization and disinvestment of public sector enterprises.

3.     Financial Sector Reforms:

●       Deregulation of interest rates to enhance the efficiency of financial markets.

●       Strengthening of the banking sector through reforms and recapitalization.

●       Development of capital markets to mobilize resources for investment.

4.     Fiscal Consolidation:

●       Measures to reduce fiscal deficits and improve fiscal discipline.

●       Introduction of tax reforms to broaden the tax base and improve compliance.

●       Reduction in subsidies to manage public expenditure.

Impact and Legacy of the Reforms:

     The economic reforms initiated by Manmohan Singh had a profound impact on India's economy. The liberalization of trade and investment policies led to a significant increase in foreign direct investment, boosting industrial growth and creating new job opportunities. The abolition of industrial licensing unleashed entrepreneurial energies, leading to the emergence of a dynamic private sector. Financial sector reforms improved the efficiency of financial intermediation, facilitating investment and economic growth.

The reforms also laid the foundation for sustained economic growth in the following decades. India's GDP growth rate accelerated, and the country witnessed a remarkable transformation from a largely agrarian economy to a burgeoning industrial and service-oriented economy. The opening up of the economy also led to greater integration with the global market, enhancing India's competitiveness and innovation.

Prime Ministerial Tenure

     Manmohan Singh's contributions to India's economic revival did not end with his tenure as Finance Minister. He served as the Prime Minister of India from 2004 to 2014, leading the country through a period of unprecedented economic growth and development. His government focused on inclusive development, social welfare programs, and infrastructure development. Key initiatives during his tenure included the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM), and the implementation of the Right to Education Act.

Conclusion:

  Dr. Manmohan Singh's visionary leadership and pragmatic approach to economic policy have left an indelible mark on India's economic landscape. His role in orchestrating the 1991 economic reforms transformed India from a struggling economy to one of the fastest-growing economies in the world. As the architect of modern India's economic revival, his legacy continues to inspire policymakers and economists.

Manmohan Singh's story is not just one of economic transformation but also one of integrity, humility, and dedication to public service. His contributions have not only reshaped India's economy but have also established him as a pivotal figure in the history of modern India. Through his life's work, Dr. Singh has demonstrated the transformative power of visionary leadership and the importance of sound economic policies in driving national progress.

-Team Yuva Aayeg

Praveen Kumar Maurya


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On Friday, December 20, 2024, a gas truck collided with multiple cars on the Jaipur-Ajmer National Highway, causing a large fire that claimed eleven lives and injured about thirty more. The fire swiftly spread over a 300-meter stretch of road, consuming over 35 cars in the process. 

The liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) tanker was doing a U-turn on the highway at Bhankrota early in the morning when it collided with a truck approaching from the other direction. They were struck by a couple additional fast-moving cars, which caused an explosion that widened the fire. The death toll in the incident keeps on increasing.

One popular fuel that is well-known for its effectiveness and adaptability is liquefied petroleum gas, or LPG. It is a necessary component of modern life since it powers houses, businesses, and automobiles. However, there are serious safety dangers associated with its transportation, particularly when it comes to road tankers. LPG tanker accidents have the potential to have devastating outcomes, such as flames, explosions, and fatalities. Thus, it is crucial to make sure that LPG is transported safely.

LPG is a colorless, odorless, and flammable gas (but an odorant is added to detect leaks). It is kept in a liquid state under pressure and expands quickly when released. Its characteristics, like its strong flammability and capacity to combine with air to generate explosive combinations, make it a possible transportation danger.

92.1) Risks associated with LPG Tankers:

92.2) Preventive Measures:

Introduction
A deeply disturbing incident has surfaced at PGC College, where a girl was allegedly raped by a school van driver. To make matters worse, the college administration, including the principal, is accused of trying to suppress the case by demanding proof rather than immediately supporting the victim and cooperating with law enforcement. This has led to outrage among the student body, culminating in widespread protests and damage to college property.

The Incident: Betrayal of Trust

Reports indicate that the alleged assault was carried out by a trusted school van driver, a person tasked with ensuring students' safety. However, what has shocked the community even more is the accusation that the college staff attempted to cover up the incident. When the survivor and her family reported the crime, the principal allegedly asked for evidence instead of offering immediate help, raising serious questions about the administration's priorities and moral responsibility.

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DBegmHcWArUc&psig=AOvVaw3q5zkUOgkNupuCs3JEEnqy&ust=1729526867345000&source=images&cd=vfe&opi=89978449&ved=0CBcQjhxqFwoTCNjXpeyrnYkDFQAAAAAdAAAAABAa

Students Rise Up: Protests Erupt Across Campus

Frustrated by the administration’s mishandling of the situation, students at PGC College have taken matters into their own hands. Large-scale protests have broken out on campus, with students demanding:

• Justice for the victim
• Action against the negligent staff and principal
• Better safety policies to protect students

As tensions escalated, the protest turned violent, with students breaking college property to express their anger and frustration. The atmosphere on campus remains volatile, with students refusing to back down until their demands are met.

Institutional Failures: A Closer Look at the Administration’s Role

The way the college responded to this tragic incident has exposed significant institutional flaws:

1. Lack of Immediate Support for the Victim: Instead of ensuring the survivor’s safety and well-being, the principal allegedly demanded proof, adding to the trauma.
2. Attempt to Suppress the Case: Staff members have been accused of trying to cover up the incident, showing a dangerous disregard for justice.
3. Delayed Action and Poor Crisis Management: The administration failed to promptly address the students’ concerns, allowing the situation to spiral out of control.

Calls for Accountability and Reform

The student community and activists are now demanding:

• Immediate Suspension of the Principal and Involved Staff: Accountability is critical to rebuilding trust.
• Strict Investigation into the Alleged Cover-Up: Authorities must thoroughly investigate the role of the college in suppressing the incident.
• Counseling and Support for the Survivor: Professional support should be provided to the victim to help her recover from the trauma.
• Security Reforms: Installation of surveillance systems and stricter hiring practices for drivers and staff to prevent such incidents in the future.

A Fight for Justice and Safety

The students' protest is not just about the tragic incident itself—it reflects a broader fight against negligence, lack of empathy, and the failure of institutions to protect students. The protests have highlighted the urgent need for a complete overhaul of safety measures on campus, along with a shift in how administrations handle such sensitive cases.

What’s Next?

As the protests continue to unfold, pressure is mounting on the college administration to take immediate action. Law enforcement has been involved, and an investigation is underway to uncover the full truth. However, justice will only be served if the authorities hold both the perpetrator and the negligent staff accountable.

Conclusion

The tragic incident at PGC College serves as a harsh reminder that educational institutions must prioritize student safety above all else. The students’ anger and protests, though disruptive, are a cry for justice in the face of betrayal and neglect.

This incident must be a turning point, not just for PGC College but for all institutions. Cover-ups and negligence must never be tolerated. Swift justice, systemic reforms, and empathy for survivors are the need of the hour to restore faith in the educational system and ensure that no student ever has to endure such an ordeal again.

This is a critical moment for PGC College, one that will test its ability to do what is right and rebuild trust with its students and community.


Team Yuva Aaveg-
Mayank

Credit- The Hindu Business Line

What is silver dividend ?
The silver dividend is a term used to describe the economic potential of an aging population. It refers to the idea that tapping into the labour force of older people can increase a country’s GDP.

It encompasses goods and services that are specifically designed to meet the needs and preference of older consumers as well as those that are used by older people but can also be consumed by people of all ages

It is expected that the aging is done in a very fast manner in recent days . India is looking towards this rapid growth , which is 10 percent of total population now (in 2024) and it is expected that it will reach to 19.5 percent in 2050 . This is a very severe concern which is faced by the two most prominent countries of the world that is BHARAT AND CHINA.

There are many problems for caring of our grandpa. Let us discuss some of them …..

RISING HEALTH CARE CONCERN…..

·    If we talk about the current scenario for spending on old age people ,it is about 7 billion dollars . This is very big amount  of health sector to be spent on a particular age group.

·    In a survey it was found that about 75 percent of old age people are facing at least one chronical ailment which also shows a great concern that the expense for these peoples will increase at a very fast rate.

·    Also the same report tells us that 1 out of 3 old age people are suffering from a depressive symptoms which is badly effecting their brain as well as their bodily organs also .

How this sector can become a Silver dividend for us . Let us explore them …..

·   

Credit- Goodreturns

There should be comprehensive approach for developing the  infrastructure in the field of Health , Social and economic sector as well as digital sector .

·    The focus of government as well as our public must on the health literacy so that maximum people will be able to understand about their health . Because more health literacy will cause more awareness towards ones health.

·    Recently our government has started Ayushmann scheme for the peoples who are above 70 years . In this scheme it was said that the peoples will get a health coverage of 5 lakh rupees in a year. But the main problem with this scheme is that this scheme covers only a limited hospitals in a region due to which the patient who is suffering from a severe disease is unable to get a better treatment . Our government must focus on this serious issue so that the dream of Healthy India will complete very early.

·    There is need of a holistic reform in our health sector . We must learn from the health sector of the developed countries like USA, Canada , Europe , Australia like countries . We must look our health sector as a revenue generator not as a burden .

·    The government must come with the more and better schemes like SAGE initiative which takes care about our elder people.

·    The reach of tele consultancy must be promoted and backed by government as well as private players . This will definitely give a huge relief to those peoples who are unable to travel here and there due to their age.

·    The government must have focus on the skill development in the health sector also . Because the data which is discussed above shows that there will be a huge demands of well skilled caretakers, doctors , nurses etc. who can serve the elder peoples on their house.

·    The government is busy in other programmes also , so a responsibility must be carried by our societies, communities that we must have to raise awareness about their health as well as the facilities which is very easier available to them . The peer support groups must also be promoted by our governments which carries at least one health expert .

·    The government must have to target the current young age population because on 2050 they are the peoples who make our economy shine like a Silver…..

And in the last I will end this discussion by giving a message to our elder peoples by giving a quote ……..

Old age is like everything else. To make a success of it, you’ve got to start young.” – Theodore Roosevelt.

 Team Yuva Aaveg-
Shashwat